Climbing Terminology
Bilingual climbing terminology dictionary with 45+ common terms. Filter by category or search.
Bouldering 抱石
Climbing on shorter walls (typically 4-5m) without a rope, protected by crash pads below.
Sport Climbing 运动攀
Climbing on pre-bolted routes using quickdraws and a rope for protection.
Trad Climbing 传统攀
Climbing where the climber places removable protection (nuts, cams) into the rock.
Top Rope 顶绳
Rope runs from the belayer up through a top anchor and back down to the climber.
Lead Climbing 先锋攀
Climber starts from the ground and clips the rope into protection points while ascending.
Crimp 捏点
A small, thin hold gripped with fingertips.
Open Hand 开放式抓握
A grip where fingers are not crimped but extended, reducing stress on finger joints.
Pocket 口袋点
A hole in the rock that can only fit one or two fingers.
Sloper 斜面点
A large, smooth hold with no positive edge, relying on friction.
Jug 大把手
A large, easy-to-grip hold where the fingers can wrap around fully.
Sidepull 侧拉点
A hold that is pulled sideways rather than downwards.
Undercling 反拉点
A hold gripped from underneath, pulling upward.
Mono 指洞
A pocket just large enough for one finger.
Pinch 摩擦点
A hold gripped by pinching between thumb and fingers.
Dyno 动态发力
A dynamic move where both hands (and sometimes feet) leave the wall to jump to the target hold.
Heel Hook 挂脚
Hooking the heel onto a hold and using hamstring strength to assist movement.
Toe Hook 脚尖勾
Hooking the top of the toe onto a hold, often to prevent swinging.
Flag 侧蹬
Extending one leg to the side without placing it on a hold for balance.
Knee Bar 膝顶
Wedging the knee or thigh between two holds or rock features to create a rest.
Cross Through 交叉手
Reaching one hand across the other to grab a hold.
Drop Knee 折膝
Rotating the knee inward and downward to pull the body closer to the wall.
Stemming 烟囱
Technique of pressing hands and feet against two opposing walls to ascend.
Mantel 斗士
Pushing down with palms to mantle onto a ledge, like getting out of a pool.
Layback 背对攀爬
Pulling with hands while pushing feet against the wall, body leaning back.
Belay 保护
Managing the rope through a belay device to protect the climber.
Lead Fall 先锋冲坠
A fall while lead climbing, fall distance includes rope stretch and slack.
Clip 挂快挂
Attaching the rope into a quickdraw on the wall.
Clean 摘绳
Removing all gear from a route after climbing.
Fall Factor 冲坠系数
The ratio of fall distance to the length of rope available to absorb the fall.
Quickdraw 快挂
Two carabiners connected by a sling, used to connect rope to bolts.
Belay Device 保护器
A device used to control the rope when belaying.
Cam 机械塞
An adjustable protection device that expands via springs when placed in a crack.
Chalk 镁粉
Magnesium carbonate powder used to keep hands dry and increase friction.
First Ascent (FA) 首攀
The first successful climb of a route or boulder problem.
First Ascensionist 首攀者
The person who completed the first ascent of a route.
Send 完攀
To complete a route from start to finish without falling or resting on the rope.
Flash 闪攀
Completing a route on the first attempt with prior information about moves.
Onsight 视攀
Completing a route on the first attempt without any prior information.
Redpoint 红线
Completing a route after multiple attempts and practice.
Beta 方案
Information about how to complete a climb, including moves and hold usage.
Crux 难点
The hardest section or most critical move of a route.
Route / Problem 路线
In bouldering it's called a 'problem'; with a rope it's called a 'route'.
Climbing Gym 岩馆
An indoor facility with artificial climbing walls.
Crag 岩场
An outdoor climbing area.
Crash Pad 抱石垫
A foam pad placed on the ground to cushion bouldering falls.